HAZOP Guidewords – Keyword Listing
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Operational Guidewords
Guideword
Description
Access
Insufficient access.
Barriers
Insufficient barriers.
Clash
Clash between items (hindering operations, placement, planning etc).
Communication
Malfunction, lack of equipment / communication lines.
Conflict
Activity impeded, conflicting activity.
Drop
Objects dropped.
Emergency Routing
Hindered due to operational conditions.
Environmental
Negative impact.
Execution
Task incorrectly executed.
Failure
Critical equipment / weak links.
Firing Line
Exposed to contact.
Impact
Impact between objects.
Instruments
Malfunction or lack of.
Movement
Uncontrolled equipment, object, asset etc movement.
Not Cut
No or insufficient cutting of items before an activity can commence.
Organisation
Facilitates unsafe actions.
Personnel Position
Unsafe locations or hindering activities.
Position
Object, equipment or vessel (etc.) incorrect position.
Power
No or insufficient power.
Pressure
Too high / too low.
Procedures
Missing or unclear.
Rupture
Ineffective containment.
Stability
Unstable conditions.
Stuck
Movement cannot be performed.
Tension
High or tolerances exceeded / not met.
Tolerance
Exceeded / not met.
Travel Path
Travel, routing or lift path (etc.) not clear.
Weather
Unclear restrictions, forecasting or unexpected deterioration.
Working Area
Obstructed or not suitable.
Enhance collaboration, improve communication, & reduce misunderstanding.
Procedural Guidewords
Guideword
Description
Purpose
Is the step needed? – is the intent clear? – can this step be misunderstood?
No Action
Step is missed or omitted, intended operation did not occur, action impossible, equipment not ready (locked out, not in service).
More Action
Operator does more than intended (opening valve too far, etc), other actions occur affecting this operation.
Less Action
Operator does less than intended, equipment does not perform as required, not enough time to complete the step.
Wrong Action
Operator opens the wrong valve, starts the wrong pump, reads the wrong instrument, closes instead of opens, personnel perform different or out of date procedure, performs two or more steps at the same time.
Part of Action
Operator only completes part of a composite action (misses out middle or final part).
Extra Action
Operator assumes he is required to do something in addition to what is specified, other personnel in wrong area – poor communications (operation, maintenance, engineers, etc.), others don’t perform as required.
Other Action
Operator misunderstands instruction and does something different, remembers a similar procedure and follows that instead.
More Time
Operator takes longer than necessary over action, starts next action later than expected.
Less Time
Operator carries out action too quickly, starts next action earlier than expected.
Out of Sequence
Operator misses out a step, carries out a step before or after it should occur.
No Information
No feedback from the process, procedure does not specify expected performance (tension, pressures, flows, levels, etc.), no specified actions for emergencies.
More Information
Procedure includes information that is unnecessary and could lead to confusion, contains information that contradicts other information.
Less Information
Necessary information is missing from the procedure (information which allows operator to check progress or to identify errors and correct).
Wrong Information
Information provided is wrong, out of date, contradiction (oral instruction vs. written, other procedures or steps within this procedure).
Clarity
Step confusing, readability, poor procedure form / layout.
Training
Adequate training (is certification required and provided for this step) procedure control (issuing, up-dating, revisions, communication).
Abnormal Conditions
Emergencies, recovery from abnormal situations, utility failure, severe or unusual weather, deviation from procedure, make-shift operations.
Maintenance
Work permit required, equipment condition, specialist tooling, recalibrations, interface with operations.
Safety
Personnel protection, industrial hygiene issues, environmental considerations, fire, explosion or chemical release potential.
Keywords stimulate brainstorming by prompting team members to think about various ways a process can deviate from its intended operation.
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